Jamaludin, Irpan2026-06-302026-06-302025-08-19https://repository.iou.edu.gm/handle/123456789/1016This study aims to analyze the interpretive methodology of Qur'anic verses related to interreligious relations according to Fazlur Rahman and Ibn Kathir. It further examines the similarities and differences in their respective perspectives on this concept, as well as the impact of these interpretations on Muslims in Indonesia. The research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach. Data were obtained through the study of Fazlur Rahman's works such as Islam and Modernity and Major Themes of the Qur’an, along with classical exegesis by Ibn Kathir. The research also refers to Qur'anic verses concerning interreligious relations and other Islamic sources from both liberal Islamic and traditionalist (salaf) perspectives. The findings show that Fazlur Rahman's historical-contextual and hermeneutical method leads to the view that all religions may be considered equal in terms of truth and salvation. In contrast, Ibn Kathir, through the tafsir bil ma’tsur approach, affirms the exclusivity of Islamic truth and rejects the claim of religious pluralism. The main similarities and differences between their interpretive methods lie in their shared object of study, yet diverging in methodology and conclusion. Fazlur Rahman adopts a historical and contextual approach by emphasizing the universal moral meanings of the Qur’anic message, leading to the conclusion that all religions may be theologically accepted in a modern context. Meanwhile, Ibn Kathir remains committed to a literal interpretive framework based on the reports of the Prophet’s companions, thus rejecting any theological equivalence between religions. Both scholars acknowledge that the People of the Book (Ahl al-Kitab) are followers of a divinely-revealed religion, but they differ significantly in their theological interpretations. The study also finds that the interpretation of religious pluralism in the context of interreligious equality may obscure the principle of tawhid and undermine the authority of divine revelation among Muslims in Indonesia. Based on these findings, the study recommends strengthening the understanding of tafsir bil ma’tsur among Muslims, as well as enhancing religious literacy regarding contemporary issues such as religious pluralism. Further empirical and comparative research is also recommended to investigate the social impact of liberal interpretations in various Muslim communities.otherReligious PluralismInterreligious EqualityLiberal IslamFazlur RahmanIbn KathirThesis