Konsep Jihad Dan Tahkim Al-Syariah Serta Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pemikiran Jihadis Kontemporer Di Indonesia (Studi Komparatif Tafsir Al-Maududi Dan Sayyid Qutub)

Abstract

This study aims to comparatively analyze the concepts of jihad and tahkīm al syarī‘ah in the Qur’anic exegesis of Abul A‘la Al-Maududi and Sayyid Qutb, as well as to identify the influence of their thought on contemporary jihadist discourse in Indonesia. This research employs a qualitative method using library research and a thematic-comparative tafsir approach. The data are derived from the primary exegetical works of both figures as well as relevant secondary literature, and are analyzed through content analysis combined with a critical approach to uncover the ideological dimensions and socio-political contexts underlying their interpretations. The findings reveal that both scholars regard jihad as an integral part of Islamic teachings; however, they differ in terms of emphasis and practical orientation. Al Maududi emphasizes a gradual, systemic, and institutional approach through the framework of an Islamic state, whereas Sayyid Qutb emphasizes a more ideological and confrontational approach toward systems perceived as jāhiliyyah. These differences indicate that the concepts of jihad and tahkīm al-syarī‘ah are contextual and shaped by the respective socio-political and historical backgrounds of each exegete. In the Indonesian context, this study finds that Al-Maududi’s thought has a stronger influence on Islamic political discourse and the formalization of sharia through institutional channels, while Sayyid Qutb’s thought more significantly influences ideological jihadist groups that emphasize the delegitimization of the state system. This demonstrates that the reception of both thinkers’ ideas is selective and adaptive, depending on local socio-ideological contexts. This study suggests the need for a contextual and critical approach in understanding the concept of jihad in Qur’anic exegesis, as well as the strengthening of religious literacy to prevent reductive interpretations that may lead to exclusivist attitudes.